• From an industrial perspective the low turnover numbers and

  2020-07-16

  

  From an industrial perspective, the low turnover numbers and limited substrate scope of α-KG halogenases still represents a significant challenge. However, in light of the fact that currently no chemical processes are available for the selective halogenation of aliphatic carbon centers in complex mo

• Materials and methods br Results Assay of botulinum toxin ac

  2020-07-16

  

  Materials and methods Results Assay of botulinum toxin activity is critical for the risk-assessment, diagnosis, and treatment of botulism cases. The frequently encountered active forms of the toxin are; L chain (inside intoxicated neuronal cells), BoNT (in the blood stream of a botulism patient,

• The quantification and monitoring of ChEs enzymatic activiti

  2020-07-16

  

  The quantification and monitoring of ChEs enzymatic activities have traditionally been associated to environmental studies in order to diagnose the exposure of non-target organisms to specific anti-cholinesterasic agents (Nunes, 2011). The importance of these enzymes as biomarkers of environmental c

• In human neuroblastoma SH SY Y cells and in lymphoma

  2020-07-16

  

  In human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y UM 171 and in lymphoma Jurkat cells, Yamanaka et al. [56] showed that exogenously added 24(S)-hydroxycholesterol could be efficiently esterified by ACAT1. These results suggest that both ACAT1 and ACAT2 can control the oxysterol levels by directly esterifying them, in

• CYP A is involved in the enzymatic oxidation

  2020-07-15

  

  CYP3A is involved in the enzymatic cytochalasin d mg of many therapeutic agents [29]. The activity of BFCOD has been used to monitor CYP3A activity in humans [30], pigs [31], mice [32], and fish [23]. The predominant isoform expressed in the human liver is CYP3A4 [33]. In pigs, CYP3A29 contributes

• Recently a sandwich cultured hepatocyte model

  2020-07-15

  

  Recently, a sandwich-cultured hepatocyte model has been proved to be a valuable in vitro system that maintains specific hepatic cytomorphology and function relevant to drug metabolism, disposition and toxicity, and thus, closely resembles the in vivo setting. This hepatocyte model was recognized as

• SPR was used to measure biomolecular

  2020-07-15

  

  SPR was used to measure biomolecular kinetic interactions between TERRA G-quadruplex and ligand in the present study. SPR is a widely used method, but cannot tell which specific type of interaction happened. Compounds with similar structures probably have similar mechanism of interaction, while comp

• br Allosteric inhibitors In general candidate drugs that bin

  2020-07-15

  

  Allosteric inhibitors In general, candidate drugs that bind to a GPCR at a site that is distinct (allosteric site) from the binding site of the endogenous agonist (orthosteric site) are attracting increasing attention 39, 42, 58. Allosteric modulators display saturability of their effect, probe d

• br Materials and methods br Results

  2020-07-15

  

  Materials and methods Results Discussion Macrophages and dendritic cells respond to Toll-like receptor (TLR) ligands by upregulating CH25H expression [4], [5]. In the latter cell type TLR-dependent upregulation is mediated via a signalling pathway that involves NFκB and IFNβ secretion and c

• br Materials and methods br Results br Discussion

  2020-07-15

  

  Materials and methods Results Discussion TP has aroused extensive explorations because of its potent anti-inflammatory, immune-suppressive and antitumor activities. Notwithstanding these, TP has yet to enter Phase II clinical trials owing to its severe toxicity (Zhou et al., 2012). TP could

• This pre GC B cell

  2020-07-14

  

  This pre-GC B cell differentiation deficiency caused by RD2 loss of function was explained at least in part by the finding that the BCL6 RD2 domain is required to repress expression of the key migration factors GRP183 and S1PR1. Downregulation of GRP183 is critically important for B cell migration i

• The idea that ASB can drive

  2020-07-14

  

  The idea that ASB11 can drive compartment expansion in the CNS is further supported by in vitro work in human neuronal precursors. Nerve growth factor (NGF)-induced differentiation of PC12 pheochromocytoma pka kinase [11] and RA-induced human pluripotent teratocarcinoma carcinoma (NT2) cells [12] c

• In contrast to SQLE HMGCR could be efficiently degraded in

  2020-07-14

  

  In contrast to SQLE, HMGCR could be efficiently degraded in COG 133 lacking UBE2J2. However, this was not the case in cells devoid of UBE2G2, as these cells were unable to support 25-hydroxycholesterol (25-HC)-stimulated degradation of HMGCR (Fig. 1C). This finding is consistent with our recently re

• Based on the above background gliptins may exert

  2020-07-14

  

  Based on the above background, gliptins may exert natriuretic and diuretic effects as well [[112], [119]]. In accordance with this, Girardi and co-workers have demonstrated a physical interplay between DPP-4 and the NHE3 exchanger in the brush-border epithelium of the proximal renal tubule, suggesti

• Upstream Stimulatory Factor USF binding

  2020-07-14

  

  Upstream Stimulatory Factor (USF) binding to the −65 E-box is required for the regulation of FAS promoter activity in fasting/feeding [97], [98]. DNA-PK are identified as a USF-interacting protein [99]. In response to feeding/insulin, the transient double-stranded DNA breaks occurred during the tran

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