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br Introduction Atherothrombosis is associated with the pres
2021-10-12
Introduction Atherothrombosis is associated with the presence of a low-grade, subclinical smoldering inflammatory response [1]. Several inflammatory markers, among them high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) [2], the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) [3], fibrinogen concentrations [4], int
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With taurine or other molecules that might be transported by
2021-10-12
With taurine, or other molecules that might be transported by Eaat2, an important area of research will be how such a chemical regulates sleep. Indeed, taurine has been described to act on the nervous system in disparate ways — it can act as an inhibitory neurotransmitter, but also has a well-charac
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In contrast to short term effects long term exposure
2021-10-12
In contrast to short-term effects, long-term exposure of beta cells to FFAs impairs insulin secretion and triggers apoptosis [13]. The deleterious effects of FFAs have been linked to altered glucose/fatty 3-Bromopyruvic acid receptor oxidation cycle [13], decreased NADPH content [14], endoplasmic r
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encorafenib Young et al described the role
2021-10-12
Young et al. [40] described the role of adenine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) in the translocation of GLUT4 in the heart. The AMPK is activated during muscle contraction [74] by converting AMP to ATP. The adenosine analog, 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleotide (AICAR), is a c
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The relationship between estrogen and the
2021-10-11
The relationship between estrogen and the Hedgehog pathway as well as the associated mechanism have already been investigated in many tissues, especially in breast cancer (Chang et al., 2012, Katayama et al., 2006, Ramaswamy et al., 2012). Hitherto, even though we have proved that HH-Gli pathway pro
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The FAAH inhibitor activity of the ethoxycarbonyl phenyl H
2021-10-11
The FAAH inhibitor activity of the 3-(5-(ethoxycarbonyl)-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl)phenyl cyclohexylcarbamates was investigated by preparation of compounds (43–52, Table 3). These new compounds displayed an important loss of activity in comparison with the corresponding regioisomers 5-phenyl compound
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The molecular mechanism of gliotransmitter release is not fu
2021-10-11
The molecular mechanism of gliotransmitter release is not fully understood until now, and previous studies have emphasized that the elevation of [Ca2+]i triggers vesicular CGS 35066 of glutamate. Parpura et al. reported that the essential role of Ca2+ release from internal stores in glutamate relea
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br Methods br Acknowledgements We are grateful to Eric Olson
2021-10-11
Methods Acknowledgements We are grateful to Eric Olson for providing Yap/Taz floxed mice, and to members of the Epstein lab for helpful comments and advice. This work was supported by NIH R01 HL118768, R35 HL140018, the Cotswold Foundation and the WW Smith Endowed Chair to J.A.E. The Hippo
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In this precancerous condition though cancer develops from t
2021-10-11
In this precancerous condition, though cancer develops from the epithelium, the subepithelial connective tissue also play crucial biological role in pathogenesis and progression to malignancy. In this context it may be noted that some recent reports addressed the problem of the mechanical interactio
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Patchouli alcohol br GC C and cGMP of mice and
2021-10-11
GC-C and cGMP: of mice and men As is usually the case for many genes, most of the studies that relate to GC-C have to date been carried out in mouse models, or in cell lines derived from human colorectal cancer tissue. What appeared to be a lacuna was any report of a human disorder that resulted
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As part of our discovery efforts searching for small molecul
2021-10-11
As part of our discovery efforts searching for small molecule GPR119 agonists, we analyzed active pharmacophores of known agonists from the literature, and found that -methylsulfonylphenyl and substituted 4-hydroxyl piperidine are common fragments. In our initial efforts, we linked these two fragmen
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SAR around amino derivative revealed a number of interesting
2021-10-11
SAR around amino-derivative revealed a number of interesting trends related to the serum shift and in vitro activity (). A comparison of derivative , and its epimer , showed that the stereochemistry had little effect on the serum shift and the intrinsic affinity for the receptor. In contrast, re-p
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Dendritic damage and loss of synaptic connections
2021-10-11
Dendritic damage and loss of synaptic connections correlate with cognitive decline in HAND patients. Synapse loss induced by HIV proteins occurs early and via a different signaling pathway from that leading to neuronal death (Kim et al., 2008), suggesting that synapse loss might be a mechanism to re
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br Introduction Connexins are transmembrane
2021-10-11
Introduction Connexins are transmembrane proteins that allow the exchange of molecules with the extracellular environment or adjacent PD153035 hydrochloride receptor via channels in the plasma membrane. Intercellular communication and exchange of biologically active molecules, salts, and nutrien
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Butyrolactone 3 The presence of FBP in nuclei seems to accom
2021-10-09
The presence of FBP2 in nuclei seems to accompany the cells' potential to divide as it has been shown that during differentiation of the satellite cells (myogenic progenitor cells) the amount of nuclear FBP2 decreases and in differentiated myotubes, the localisation of FBP2 is restricted to cytoplas
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